Institutional episode-of-care modeling calibrated to Singapore MOH hospital bill structures—distinguishing patient-billed implants/biologics from internal hospital OT/CSSD consumables, facility resources, professional fees, and patient out-of-pocket.
| Adverse Event / Pathway 🟡 Literature | Prob. (%) | Event Cost ($) | Expected ($) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Periprosthetic Infection / Washout 1- or 2-stage PJI management (AOANJRR / registry) |
$504 | ||
| Instability / Dislocation / Readmission Closed/open reduction or liner/glenosphere upsize |
$370 | ||
| 5–10 Yr Aseptic Revision Arthroplasty Glenoid loosening / cuff failure conversion (assumption) |
$2,360 |
Gross Episode Bill Size (Before Insurance / MediSave)
SGD $44,440
Risk-Adjusted Total Cost (Incl. Expected Complications): SGD $47,674
Estimated Patient Out-of-Pocket (Cash Copayment)
SGD $4,388
After estimated insurer coverage (80%) and MediSave withdrawal ($4,500). Actual bills vary by Integrated Shield Plan rider & ward subsidy tier.